Why Is Supernatural Popular On The Teenage Group

Jeffrey Chung ENG 4C Mr. Craig November 10, 2014 Why is Supernatural Popular in the Teenage Group? Everyone knows about supernatural and teenagers nowadays are so interested in it. The reasons supernatural is popular in teenage group are because of their dependency on technology, their minds of self and their future that they are getting closer to. Teenagers who are interested in supernatural are also affected by it and are changed their mind to their society. People are now living in a high- tech society. Everyone uses technology on regular basis. Especially teenagers nowadays, who are deeply influenced and by technology: they use phones to text and call friends, to go on to the internet and to search up about everything even something that is easier to be got in real life such as the weather; they also purchase products on the internet using the computer at home instead of going outside to check out other products they might be interested in. They have been addicted to those electronic products. Supernatural and technology seem not related to each other at all, but technology does help teenagers get interested in supernatural. It is shown to people through the media: there are television shows and movies about supernatural and people talk about them on the internet after watching. All the media can be spread everywhere basically because of the technology nowadays: it is highly developed. Everyone has a phone, a computer and a television at home. Those electronics haveShow MoreRelatedThe Twilight Sag Teenage, Vampire, Romance1743 Words   |  7 PagesTwilight Saga: Teenage, Vampire, Romance The Twilight Saga by Stephanie Myer created a massive fan following that grew into a supernatural franchise. The story of Bella and Edward was in the hands of countless teenagers and adults alike, captivating audiences with the classic story of young love, but with a vampire twist. 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The Battle Between Carthage And Rome - 1728 Words

The three Punic Wars was a series of battles fought between Carthage and Rome that lasted almost a century from 264 BC to 149 BC. As Carthage had the leading power of Western Mediterranean and Rome’s control over the peninsula of Italy. However, both of the two states had different intensions over the island of Sicily leading to the battles of the Punic Wars that soon later ended in a total defeat for Carthage. With the desire of controlling the island of Sicily, Carthage would still have the dominance power over the Mediterranean and as for Rome, it would strengthen its land defense policy and expand its Republic. In 264 BC, the first Punic War started when Rome wanted to expand their Republic by taking control of Sicily which at the time was under Carthage. Carthage had the advantage, as they avoided land-based battles and continued to fight using their strong navy. Rome, however, had built their navy over time and developed strategies that allowed its trained soldiers to take part in naval ship-to-ship battles. In the end, Rome had won the first Punic War between Carthage in 249 BC. As a result, Carthage not only had to surrender Sicily to the Romans but also signed a peace treaty agreeing to pay tribute. In the second Punic War, there were three major battles that was fought in the beginning between 218 BC to 202 BC. These battles were led by a great military leader and son of the previous Carthage leader who is now in command, Hannibal. With the battles fought inShow MoreRelatedAncient Carthage Vs. Rome1320 Words   |  6 PagesCà ¡rthage vs. Rome Introduction This paper compares the rise and influence of Carthagà ­nian to Roman power in the Mediterrà ¡nean region between the ninth and second BCE centuries, and identifies some of the reasons that led to Rome becoming the dominating force over Cà ¡rthage. 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An Inspector Calls Essay Help Example For Students

An Inspector Calls Essay Help In this assignment I am going to talk about character Eva Smith who actually doesnt appear in the play An inspector calls but the whole play revolves around the Birlings family treatment of her. J. B. priestly wrote this play AN INSPECTOR CALLS it was set in 1912 but it was written in 1940. Society in 1912 was very different to society today. In 1912 there was a big difference between the rich and the poor people. Working people were treated very badly. Also working conditions were very poor. The wages were very low and they had to work long hours. I have chosen to write about Eva Smith because she is badly treated by all the Birling family. The first person she met from Birlings family was Mr Birling himself. She was working in Mr Birlings factory. She was working well but she wanted more money so the five ringleaders and all others went on strike Eva Smith was one of them and the strike didnt last long but Mr Birling let them all come back at the old rates except the five ringleaders, whod started the trouble Eva Smith was one of them. Mr Birling said well, its my duty to keep labour costs down. This treatment of Mr Birling was very unfair because all Eva Smith wanted was more money because what she was getting paid wasnt enough for her to support herself. Mr Birlings treatment to Eva Smith shows that he did not care about his workers, only about his profits. After Eva Smith got sacked from Mr Birlings factory she got a job in Milwards. She felt she was making a good fresh start and she was happy working there. After a couple of months just when she felt she settling down nicely they told her that shed have to go. It was nothing to do with how she was doing her work. They admitted that all she knew was that a customer complained about her and so she had to go. That customer was Sheila Birling Mr Birlings daughter. She met Gerald Croft after she got fired from Milwards. Gerald met her first some time in March last year in the palace bar. They went to the county hotel. Gerald asked what is your name? She told him that her name is Daisy Renton that shed lost her job in one of the shop here and had top leave after a strike. She said something about the shop too but wouldnt say which one it was and she was deliberately vague about what happened. I couldnt get any exact details from her about herself just because she felt I was interested and friendly but at the same time she wanted to be Daisy Renton and not Eva Smith. In fact I heard that name for the first time in tonight. Any way two nights later when we met again not accidentally this time of course. One of my friends Charlie Brun Swick had gone off to Canada for six months and had let me have the keys of a nice little set of rooms he had in Morgan terrace and had asked me to look after them and use them if I wanted to. So I insisted on Daisy Renton moving into these rooms and I made her take some money to keep her going there. I want you to know that I wasnt in love with her or I could make love with her. Now the next person she met from Mr Birlings family is Eric. She met Eric one night last November in the palace bar. Eric said I wasnt in love with her or anything but I liked her she was pretty. Eric went bed with her afterwards and she gets pregnant. Eric met her again for night afterwards and after they arranged to see each other and the next time or the time after that she told Eric that she thought she was going to have a baby. .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f , .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f .postImageUrl , .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f , .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f:hover , .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f:visited , .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f:active { border:0!important; } .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f:active , .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u83d4659fe546a7318aaf86945752045f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Macbeth, Act 3, Scene 4 EssayShe wasnt quite sure and then she was they both were worried about the baby that she was going to have. She said to Eric not to meet or talk to her again she treated Eric as he was a kid. Thats all about Eric how he treated Eva Smith and what he did. Now the last person Eva Smith met from Birlings family was Mrs Birling. Eva Smith had changed her name to Mrs Birling because of her affair with Eric. Then she met Mrs Birling. Eva Smith went for assistance to Mrs Birlings mothers committee. Eva Smith didnt only need money but she needed advice, sympathy and friendliness. I think it was cruel and vile. Mr Birling said I think there is nothing to blame me I did my duty. Mrs Birling created a lot of trouble to Eva Smith and didnt feel sorry for her. Thats the end of all the trouble Eva Smith had from Birlings family. She had been badly treated. I think this girl Eva Smith was treated very badly by the Birlings family and also her death was horrible and was a result of the treatment she received from this family.

Nervous System Adaptation Essays - Muscular System,

Nervous System Adaptation Adaptation plays a significant role in exercise development as seen by mental imagery, cross education, and coactivation. The body must establish and modify it's own neural network before it can strengthen. A weight lifter can improve his workouts by understanding the fundamentals of NSA. The nervous system plays a large role in how a muscle develops. For example Scientists have found that people who visualize their workouts can stimulate a significant amount of muscle growth. Although scientists would not advise solely visualized workouts they do stress the importance of good mental preparation to help physiological adaptation. Another example of how the nervous system effects muscle development is in cross education. When one injures a muscle often times the doctor will tell them to work the opposite uninjured muscle. This action will indirectly stimulate the injured muscle. When a novice weight lifter flexes a muscle, the opposing muscle restricts movement. After working out for a period of time, this misfiring of the neurons will dissipate. This phenomenon is known as coactivation. Also, in synchronization a novice weight lifter's movements will be shaky until his or her neural network has adjusted itself.

Foreign Affairs essays

Foreign Affairs essays Future Involvement in Foreign Affairs Since the United States is one of the last remaining super powers have the obligation to maintain and support good relations with the nations throughout the world. We should take full advantage of this different ways. First the U.S. must focus on investing and trading with have yet to become economic powers; second, we must implement a consistent policy towards the Middle Eastern nations: third, the United States needs attempts and results of the democratization and religious revivals in the Latin America, while taking a passive role in letting the a Western type its course: and forth, the U.S. must ease and downplay its conflict with who dislike the "Western people" and their way of life. Obviously, foreign investment is necessary for the future of nations as well as our own. There must be an emphasis on foreign otherwise the third world nations will continue to fall behind and domestically, which could lead to an economic downfall for the U.S. as question then arises as to what the United States must do in order to have agreements with other countries other than Japan and Mexico. In order for play a more active role in the economic and political development of many developing nations, it must first accept a different philosophy than its is imperative for the United States to play a similar role in Latin has played with many of the developing nations in East Asia. The U.S. America, and if it wants to play the role of big brother, it must accept Japan has invested, traded, and been a guide for many of it's neighboring Asia, making them grow politically and economically while also profiting itself (Japan Remains 1996). The U.S. must realize that the economies of Nations will play an important part in the future of our own economy, and begin to lead, invest, and aid not just Mexico, but countries such as Bolivia, and Columbia into the ...

How and When to Apply for Social Security Benefits

How and When to Apply for Social Security Benefits Applying for Social Security benefits is the easy part. You can apply online, by telephone or by walking into your local Social Security office. The hard part is deciding when to apply for your Social Security retirement benefits and rounding up all the documents youll need when you do. Are You Eligible? Becoming eligible to get Social Security retirement requires both reaching a certain age and earning enough Social Security credits. You earn credits by working and paying Social Security taxes. If you were born in 1929 or later, you need 40 credits (10 years of work) to qualify. If you stop working, you stop earning credits until you return to work. No matter what your age is, you cannot get Social Security retirement benefits until you have earned 40 credits.​ How Much Can You Expect to Get? Your Social Security retirement benefit payment is based on how much you made during your working years. The more you earned, the more youll get when you retire. Your Social Security retirement benefit payment is also affected by the age at which you decide to retire. You can retire as early as age 62, but if you retire before your full retirement age, your benefits will be permanently reduced, based on your age. For example, if you retire at age 62, your benefit would be about 25 percent lower than what it would be if you waited until you reach full retirement age. You also need to remember that monthly premiums for ​Medicare Part B are usually deducted from monthly Social Security benefits. Retirement is a great time to look into the pros and cons of a private Medicare Advantage plan.   According to the Social Security Administration, the average monthly benefit paid to retired workers in May 2017 was $1,367.58.   When Should You Retire? Deciding when to retire is totally up to you and your family. Just keep in mind that Social Security replaces only about 40 percent of the average workers pre-retirement income. If you can live comfortably on 40 percent of what youre making at work, problem solved, but financial experts estimate that most people will need 70-80 percent of their pre-retirement income to have a comfortable retirement. To draw full retirement benefits, the following Social Security Administration age rules apply: Born in 1937 or earlier - Full retirement can be drawn at age 65Born in 1938 - Full retirement can be drawn at age 65 years and 2 monthsBorn in 1939 Full retirement can be drawn at age 65 years and 4 monthsBorn in 1940 Full retirement can be drawn at age 65 years and 6 monthsBorn in 1941 Full retirement can be drawn at age 65 years and 8 monthsBorn in 1942 Full retirement can be drawn at age 65 years and 10 monthsBorn in 1943-1954 Full retirement can be drawn at age 66Born in 1955 - Full retirement can be drawn at age 66 and 2 monthsBorn in 1956 Full retirement can be drawn at age 66 and 4 monthsBorn in 1957 Full retirement can be drawn at age 66 and 6 monthsBorn in 1958 Full retirement can be drawn at age 66 and 8 monthsBorn in 1959 Full retirement can be drawn at age 66 and 10 monthsBorn in 1960 or later Full retirement can be drawn at age 67 Remember that while you can begin drawing Social Security retirement benefits at age 62, your benefits will be 25 percent less than what they will be if you wait until your full retirement age as shown above. Also keep in mind that no matter when you start drawing Social Security benefits, you must be 65 to be eligible for Medicare. For example, people who retired at their full retirement age of 67 in 2017 could get a maximum monthly benefit of $2,687, depending on their work and income history. However, the maximum benefit for persons retiring at age 62 in 2017 was only $2,153.   Delayed Retirement: On the other hand, if you wait to retire beyond your full retirement age, your Social Security benefit will automatically increase by a percentage based on your year of birth. For example, if you were born in 1943 or later, Social Security will add 8 percent per year to your benefit for each year that you delay signing up for Social Security beyond your full retirement age. For example, people who waited until age 70 to retire in 2017 could get a maximum benefit of $3,538. Despite getting smaller monthly benefit payments, people who start claiming Social Security retirement benefits at age 62 often have good reasons for doing. Be sure to consider the pros and cons of applying for Social Security benefits at age 62 before doing so. If You Work While Getting Social Security Yes, you can work full or part-time while also getting Social Security retirement benefits. However, if you have not yet reached your full retirement age, and if your net income from working is higher than the annual earnings limit, your annual benefits will be reduced. Beginning in the month you reach full retirement age, Social Security will stop reducing your benefits no matter how much you earn. During any full calendar year in which you are under full retirement age, Social Security deducts $1 from your benefit payments for every $2 you earn above the annual net income limit. The income limit changes every year. In 2017, the income limit was $16,920.   If Health Problems Force You to Retire Early Sometimes health problems force people to retire early. If you cannot work because of health problems, you should consider applying for Social Security disability benefits. The amount of the disability benefit is the same as a full, unreduced retirement benefit. If you are receiving Social Security disability benefits when you reach full retirement age, those benefits will be converted to retirement benefits. Documents You Will Need Whether you apply online or in person, you will need the following information when you apply for your Social Security benefits: Your Social Security numberYour birth certificate, or proof of U.S. citizenshipYour W-2 forms or self-employment tax return (or both) for the last year you workedYour military discharge papers if you served in any branch of the military If you choose to have your benefits paid through direct deposit, you will also need your banks name, your account number and your banks routing number as shown on the bottom of your checks.​ Working While Collecting Social Security Retirement Many people choose or need, to keep working after claiming Social Security retirement benefits. However, if you continue work after claiming early retirement benefits your Social Security benefits may be reduced until you reach your full retirement age. If you retire at age 62, Social Security will deduct money from your retirement check if you exceed a certain amount of earned income for the calendar year. For example, the income limit in 2018 was $17,040 or $1,420 per month. The income limit increases annually. Until you reach your full retirement age, Security will reduce your benefit by $1 for every $2 you earn over the income limit. Once you reach your full retirement age, you will receive your full Social Security retirement benefit with no limitation on how much income you earn from working. The worse news is that Social Security does not apply the early retirement work penalty by simply deducting a small amount from each monthly benefit check. Instead, the agency may withhold several months’ entire checks until the total reduction is paid off. This means your annual budget will have to account for a certain number of months without a benefit check. Complete details on this decidedly complicated process can be found in Social Security’s pamphlet on â€Å"How Work Affects Your Benefits.† You can also use Social Security’s earnings test calculator to see how much your reduction will be and when your checks will be withheld. Also note that if lose your job, you may still qualify for unemployment benefits even though you are also collecting Social Security retirement benefits.

Justice and Peace by J milburn Thompson chapter 5 Essay

Justice and Peace by J milburn Thompson chapter 5 - Essay Example It all depends on the concerned individual or family if they still want to be and consider themselves a part of the nation in which they belong. An example of a nation is the Chinese nation. Wherever they are, they all share the same pride of their language, culture and traditions. Almost in every country around the world, there is a Chinatown where the Chinese people continue with their age-old culture and traditions. They still speak their language, celebrate Chinese holidays, use Chinese medicine and follow Feng shui. These people are already citizens of the countries where they reside and yet they are still distinguishable from the rest of the population. These people may be American citizens or Canadian citizens and yet they still identify themselves as Chinese and the rest of the country’s citizens recognize them as such. On the other hand, the term state refers to a sovereign country that exercises control over a population within a defined territory. A state is managed and administered by a government which has legal authority over its people. Membership in a state is determined by the criteria set forth by the government. A state is considered as a legal person in international law that may enter into contracts and agreements with other countries, corporations and individuals.

Read this document and after answer this 3 questions Essay

Read this document and after answer this 3 questions - Essay Example Gould uses the phrase â€Å"AIDS spreads in a clear exponential manner† (Gould, 1987) to explain the natural spread of AIDS to the general population, and how it lacks boundaries. However, Gould eventually convinces himself on the ability of nature in controlling itself when he says, â€Å"evolution cares as little for its agents,† (Gould, 1987). AIDS being a natural phenomenon spare some people who will keep the continuity of the human species. A lot of input in improving technology with the intention of solving all human problems has proved ineffective. This is because technology together with mans brain has failed in eradicating the holocaust AIDS. Ignorance and lack of responsibility make AIDS spread in an exponential form hampering the human biological system, thus making it a hard disaster to handle. AIDS spreads rapidly and in different forms making it a vulnerable disease. However, proper handling of human biological system can control the rate of spread of AIDS, this is because AIDS hampers with the biological system of a human being. Although AIDS kills many people, it spares some to ensure continuity of generation; therefore, AIDS being a natural phenomenon controls itself. Eradication of AIDS can only be successful with the application of technological slogans in fighting

Robert Burns’ “To a Mouse” Essay Example for Free

Robert Burns’ â€Å"To a Mouse† Essay In the poems Robert Burns’ â€Å"To a Mouse† and â€Å"The Mouse’s Petition† by Anna Letitia Barbauld, many feelings and emotions about mice are brought forth. While both poems were written by different authors, many of the feelings they share towards mice are common. The analysis of the two poems will help to find the comparisons and differences in theme, political and social issues, diction, and tone. Examples from the poems will help to show the similarities and differences in the two. The tone of each poet in the poems, many similarities become evident. Both poets portray a sad and guilty tone when talking about mice. When Barbauld begins to write about what she believes the mouse is feeling inside of the test cage, the reader gets an idea how the poet may also feel. â€Å"For here forlorn and sad I sit, within the wiry grate.† (Barbauld, 5-6) Barbauld uses a line in the poem to show how she thinks the mouse is feeling. Robert Burns expresses an equal amount of remorse for the mouse in his poem. He does so by using his sad regretful and remorseful tone, much like Barbauld. â€Å"I’m truly sorry man’s dominion has broken Nature’s social union.† (Burns, l.7-8) Burns makes it obvious how he feels by using his tones throughout the poem to relay a message of guilt and sadness. The two poems share identical endings; Burns as well as Barbauld make reference to the fact that mice are much like men. Barbauld indicates, â€Å"So when destruction lurks unseen, which men, like mice, may share.† (Barbauld, l.45-48) Oddly enough, speaking to a mouse in the same tone, Burns states, â€Å"The best-laid schemes o’ mice an’ men Gang aft a-gley.† (Burns, l.39-40) While both poems are written by differen t poets, in different years, the two share the same tone to help portray their views of mice and how they are misunderstood. The themes in both of the poems are very similar also both poems are about mice and their life changing experiences with them. The common theme in Anna Barbauld’s, â€Å"A Mouse’s Petition,† is cruelty and unfairness. The mouse Barbauld speaks of is being used for tests in a science lab, and will eventually be killed in such experiments. Anna writes through poem that this act is unjust and should not happen to such a creature. Through the use of the poem she tries to tell the scientist â€Å"Beware, lest in the worm you crush, a brothers soul you find.† (Barbauld, l.35-36) Barbauld relates that killing a mouse is not morally different from taking the life of a fellow man. The poems theme is effective and pushes the reader to feel sorrow for the poor mouse. In â€Å"To a Mouse† by Robert Burns, the ongoing themes are guilt and fear. Burns knows what mice are up to, stealing his food from his crops and ruining his walls within his home to make homes of their own. Burns however, does not care because he himself feels guilty for the little mice. Burns feels like even though they may be a nuisance to some humans, the mice have no choice but to do these things to live to see another day. â€Å"I doubt na, whiles, but thou may thieve; What then? Poor beastie, thou maun live!† (Burns l.13-14) Burns explains why he is not bothered that the mice steal his food. Burns also has the theme of fear in his poem. The mice fear men, and for good reason, Burns is aware of this and makes minimal effort to scare the mice while they are at work. â€Å"An’ justifies that ill opinion which makes thee startle,† (Burns, l.9-10) Burns discusses how the fear mice have for men is due to the brutes who have no patience to understand what the mice go through. While the two poems have different themes, one being cruelty and unfairness and the other being guilt and fear, the themes are similar in the fashion that both poets show remorse for the mice and what they go through. Barbauld never once mentions how mice may in fact have it easier than humans do, but in the final lines from â€Å"To a Mouse† Burns does indicate being a mouse may sometimes be easier. â€Å"Still thou art blest compared wi’ me! (Burns, l.43) Burns states that even though a mouse may not want to be a human, Burns believes a mouse has the ability to solely live in the present, and cannot remember the past or have to think of the future. Burns shares the dread he feels when he must remember the past or think about the future. Burns wishes he never had such a burden, and believes mice would not want to have such a burden either. For this reason while the two poems’ themes are very similar, they still have striking differences in how they view mice and men. Many Political issues were raised when the two poems were written. In 1773, the same year â€Å"The Mouse’s Petition† was written, the Boston tea party movement had happened. This happened soon after the British parliament granted it a monopoly to the North American tea trade. While this made the British happy it was the beginning of a revolt by the Americans. They felt they should not have to be taxed for their own goods. The Americans fought back by raiding the tea ships going to the British and dumping all the tea into the ocean. While this was a revolt for the Americans, for the British not much had happened except for the fact they had seen what happens as a result of people being pushed into something they didn’t want to do. This connection can be made to the Mouse in â€Å"A Mouse’s Petition† because the mouse did not want to be a test subject but was forced to do so, left without a choice. Wither or not Barbauld’s writing was affected by the Boston Tea Party movement or not, the two happening in the same year seems to be enough of a connection to assume this was an effect. In 1785, the same year â€Å"To a Mouse† was written, Scotland was under the beginning of the highland clearances. Before 1785 many families and clans were getting relocated to other parts of Scotland so that the land could be used to raise big black sheep instead. The success of relocating humans for the use of their land became so popular that the evil countess of Sutherland used the threat of clearances to blackmail every young man on her vast estates to enlist in her regiment. She then evicted their families later anyway. One is left to wonder if Burns was forced to take part in one of these dreadful moves, or simply had to experience seeing these events happen. Either way having to leave your land unexpectedly would take a toll on your mind mentally and physically. Especially if you were sent to war with promise your land would be safe, only to come back realizing your land had been taken away anyways. In, â€Å"To a mouse,† burns refers by stating through a part of his poem that he does not like the fact that he can remember the past, â€Å"The present only touchect thee: But och! I backward cast my e’e On prospects drear! An’ forward though I canna see, I guess an’ fear!† (Burns, l.49-53) Burns talks about how looking back on the past brings him disappointment and sorrow. Maybe this is because he was in the middle of relocation or had already gone through one due to the highland clearance. While material has not proven or disproven that Burns was a part of the highland clearance one can be left wondering if those events had an impact on his poem. The poetic diction in the two poems is very unique. While both use plenty of metaphors, there vocabulary is much different. This is partly because Burns uses a Scotish accent in his poems to give off the Scottish feel. Barbauld uses regular 1700’s English, much like other poets of the time from Britain. Burns’s Scottish accent is used in the poem to give the reader an idea what it would sound like if he himself was to recite the poem. While the reader may not understand as quickly as if reading in regular English, it helps to read the poem exactly like it would be read. While at first it is a challenging task to understand, it later becomes simple to translate. Barbaulds poem is much more generic for what the poems looked like in her area in the 1700’s, there is no accent used like in Burns’s which makes the initial reading of her poem much easier. One thing â€Å"To a Mouse† and â€Å"A Mouse’s Petition† have in common is there use of metaphors. Burns uses metaphor less often than Barbauld, â€Å"An’ bleak December’s winds ensuin’, Baith snell and keen!† (Burns l.28-29) Burns discusses with the mouse about how the winter winds are sharp like a knife, a metaphor for the winter wind being cold and seeming like it can go right through your body. Barbauld uses metahphors more frequently, â€Å"May some kind angel clear thy path, And break the hidden snare.† (Barbauld, l.47-48) Barbauld is saying metaphorically that she hopes the man has a sudden change of mind and his thoughts are changed for the good, not to use the mouse as a scientific test dummy. The two poems being compared and contrasted show that the two are not so different. While there are many similarities and differences analysing political and social issues, diction, and tone have helped to find these similarities and differences. The two poems about mice are much more complex than the initial read. The reader must dig deep into the meanings of the poems, the diction, the time they were written, the social issues that were happening in those times, and the poet’s tones to reveal the true meanings of the poems. Works Cited Burns, R. â€Å"To a Mouse.† The Longman Anthology: British Literature. David Damrosch and Kevin J.H. Dettmar. Pearson Education, 2010. 359-360. Latitita, A. â€Å"The Mouses Petition.† The Longman Anthology: British Literature. David Damrosch and Kevin J.H. Dettmar. Pearson Education, 2010. 62-63.

Theme of Courage in To Kill A Mocking Bird :: Harper Lee

To Kill A Mocking Bird-courage Within the novel "to kill a mocking bird" the character Atticus finch defines courage as, "Courage is when you know you're licked before you begin, but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what." Atticus takes the first step by being courageous to take the Tom Robinson case, defying the towns liking of prejudice, even his own sister thinks that he is disgracing the family by taking the case he explains with concern "The only thing we've got is a black man's word against the Ewells'. The evidence boils down to you-did-I-didn't. The jury couldn't possibly be expected to take Tom Robinson's word against the Ewells'. Scout believes at the beginning of the book that courage is all to do with physical feats like fist fighting. Scout and Jem though Atticus was courageous when he shot the mad dog, but Atticus just shrugged it off telling his children that that is not ?real courage?. The children soon see that moral courage is more valuable after Miss Dubose said "Your father's no better than the niggers and trash he works for!" Chapter 11, Page 113 after they walked past her house. On the way back Atticus just walked by and told Mrs. Dubose, ?you look as pretty as a picture? Mrs. Dubose was so stunned that she could not say a word back to him. Later Jem and scout leaned how courageous Mrs. Dubose really was after Jem cut up her camellia bushes, the kids found out that she was a morphine attic brave enough to get off the drug that killed her. Atticus was incredibly courageous taking on tom Robinsons case against the prejudice of Macomb County and he shows incredible courage when he says, "Simply because we were licked a hundred years before we started is no reason for us not to try and won." He wants the people of Maycomb to hear the truth about Tom Robinson, "That boy may go to the chair, but he's not going till the truth's told." Chapter 15, Page 146. He was against the whole white community including his own sister practically said that he was a disgrace to his family Atticus tells scout when she asks him why he is taking the case he says "For a number of reasons. The main one is, if I didn't I couldn't hold up my head in town, I couldn't represent this county in the legislature, I couldn't even tell you or Jem not to do something again.

The Strength of Gertrude in Hamlet

Murder, treason, and deceit are common themes in William Shakespeare’s tragedy Hamlet. Throughout the play the women are often viewed as weak in character as the men easily dominate them and steal the spotlight through their manic actions. The time period in which Shakespeare would have written Hamlet, women would have been treated with little respect. One woman that shows her feminine power is Gertrude, the Queen of Denmark and mother to Hamlet. Through the play it seems that Gertrude has committed more bad deeds than good, but with further examination, her actions can be seen as altruistic and loving. Queen Gertrude in Hamlet reveals her true strength through her selfless actions for both Hamlet and Denmark. With the fresh death of King Hamlet, Gertrude loses her money, power and her only chance for her son to be a successor to the throne. Instinctively, Gertrude marries the man who is King in order to gain status in Denmark. During the 16th century, a woman was only as powerful as the man to whom she was married and Gertrude knows she must protect her son. By being loyal to Claudius, the next most powerful person to her late husband, she is able to secure a position for Hamlet to be next in line for King. This act of love towards Claudius might or might not be false in the beginning, which is a selfless act on its own, but then Gertrude is able to care for Claudius as well, which proves she has loving characteristics. Throughout the play Hamlet mourns the loss of his father some two months after his death, but Claudius does not support his behavior, infuriating Hamlet. Gertrude being a woman in the 16th century, is unable to comfort Hamlet without stepping on her newly wed husband’s toes: â€Å"Good Hamlet, cast thy knighted colour off, And let thine eye look like a friend on Denmark† (1. . 68-69). Gertrude appears to be giving Hamlet the message that, in order for their success he must now adapt to his new surroundings instead of disrespecting Claudius. Even though Hamlet despises Gertrude for her blunt words he obeys when Gertrude asks: â€Å"I pray thee, stay with us; go not to Wittenberg† (1. 2. 118). It is evident that Gertrude desires the best for Hamlet, sh e has married in order to keep him in line for the thrown and even though she hurts him with words, she is lovingly sacrificing her emotions for his long-term well being. The Queen Gertrude has loving and caring qualities that are only subtly seen in Hamlet, and this is why most audiences see her slightly villainess. She loves Hamlet and underneath her shallow exterior, shows great emotion when he confronts her. Gertrude truly does not know what she has done to make Hamlet so enraged, and it is only when he tells her that she understands her actions to be wrong: â€Å"O Hamlet, speak no more: Thou turn'st my very eyes into my soul, And there I see such black and grained spots As will not leave their tinct† (III. iv. 88-91). There is no reason to believe that Gertrude is lying to appease Hamlet as she confesses that her soul is blackened. Gertrude is portrayed as loving and loyal throughout the play; she stayed loyal to Hamlet after he lashed out on her in the closet by appeasing Claudius. These loving qualities that are subtly shown in Gertrude prove that she is selfless in her actions for Hamlet and Denmark. Gertrude often lies throughout the play, and while lying is a bad characteristic that would build a certain hate from the audience, her lies are in order to protect those around her. Gertrude’s lies are not cruel and evil falsehoods; hers are white lies that she feels she must tell in order to keep those around her safe physically and emotionally. She must tell the King that Hamlet has killed Polonius, but she does what she can to help Hamlet, telling Claudius that Hamlet â€Å"weeps for what is done† (4. 1. 27) when clearly he does not. Gertrude lies in order to protect Hamlet whom has just lashed out, telling her of all her hurtful actions. She follows her instincts and as a good politician puts a buffer on the truth in order to protect people emotionally around her. All of Queen Gertrude’s actions in lying seem shallow but are necessary for those around her and are selfless on her part in order to protect Hamlet. The ghost of King Hamlet is easily misinterpreted when he reveals to Hamlet, information about his murder and details of Claudius and Gertrude. The message the Ghost tells Hamlet makes Gertrude a far more despised character: â€Å"Ay, that incestuous, that adulterate beast, With witchcraft of his wit, with traitorous gifts† (1. 5. 42-43). The line of â€Å"adulterous beast† insinuates that Gertrude was committing adultery and thus lying to King Hamlet making her a cheater and therefore despised by the audience. The term adulterate does not have the same meaning as adultery, by definition it means to render poorer in quality by adding another substance. In all, the Ghost is correct because Gertrude is of a â€Å"poorer quality† due to her new ties with Claudius, but that does not mean that they committed adultery before the King’s death. If Gertrude were an adulteress, she would ave been almost certainly been involved in Claudius' plot of murder, Claudius would believe her to be an accomplice and confide in her, but he does not. In addition, if it were true, it would most likely be first on Hamlet's mind, but when Hamlet confronts Gertrude in her closet and announces all her crimes; he does not once even imply that she has committed adultery. This misinterpretation could cause much hate for The Que en by the audience and much confusion as to her real motives, but with this insight it is most obvious that the Queen was respectable towards her family and Hamlet. Through all of the challenges in Gertrude’s life she has never been recognized for all her selfless actions for her son and Denmark. Gertrude is truly a hero of the play because she continuously sacrifices herself for the love of others and Denmark. She selflessly told Hamlet of the poison so he then knew for sure Claudius was corrupt: â€Å"The drink, the drink! I am poison’d! † (5. 2. 304). With this information Hamlet was able to justifiably kill Claudius for the murder of his mother Gertrude. Just before her death Gertrude is able to save the land of Denmark from the deceitful and murderous King Claudius. This action on the Queen’s part is beneficial to all the people of Denmark allowing them to have a fair chance with their newly chosen ruler young Fortinbras. Hamlet is a tragedy in which there needs to be a heroic, selfless character, and in the end this is the Queen Gertrude. Overall, through the examination of Queen of Denmark may appear as a villainess character but when examined closely her motives show a loving and strong character. Living in a time in which she had little respect, Gertrude was able to secure a spot for her son in the throne by marrying a man of power. Through all controversies she sets her emotions aside in order to deal with situations that concern her family and Denmark. Though at most times Gertrude has to keep her emotions at bay it is evident that she has subtle loving qualities for her family. After all controversy and being hated by Hamlet she still protects her son with small white lies to Claudius. Gertrude is never recognized for her strength as she saves Denmark from the tyrant that Claudius is. A heroic, strong, feminine character shows her altruistic characteristics throughout William Shakespeare’s tragedy Hamlet.

Million Dollar Baby Film Essay

In the film ‘Million Dollar Baby’,directed by Clint Eastwood is mainly based around the theme of how the important characters as vehicles to convey the theme familial love and support. This is shown when the theme is set up through Maggie and Frankie having broken relationship with their families, but it was resolved when they came together. Having familial love and support is important to an individual’s wellbeing. Without love, humans become isolated and unsatisfied. Therefore, by coming together, they express a similar familial love although they are not biologically related and experiences this fulfillment in life. The characters from the film demonstrated the beauty of this relationship. Eastwood successfully conveyed the idea through various visual and oral techniques. Throughout the film, secondary characters also supports the success of the protagonists to show family support is essential for the main character to achieve their specific goals. Eastwood conveys the idea of the importance of familial love for Maggie, in â€Å"Million Dollar Baby†, through the relationship between Maggie and Frankie, her boxing trainer. Maggie and Frankie, both have broken relationships with their own families but the resulting emptiness is filled when they came together. Maggie does not want to live in a dysfunctional family as her family cares little for her well-being. Her plight is summed up in the quotation when the audience is told that she wants to escape from her miserable life, â€Å" I’m 31, Mr. Dunn, and I’m here celebrating the fact that I spent another year scraping dishes and waitressing which is what I’ve been doing since 13. My brother’s in prison, my sister cheats on welfare by pretending one of her babies is still alive, my daddy’s dead, and my momma weighs 312 pounds. The only thing I ever felt good doing was boxing.† Although Maggie saves up enough of her prize money to buy her mother a house, her actions are not appreciated. Her mother berates Maggie for seizing her welfare payments and Medicaid benefits. Frankie’s support provided the energy for Maggie to succeed in her career. In Frankie’s situation, he was alienated from his daughter for an unexplained reason. This is shown when Frankie’s letters along with his pain comes back to him with‘ Return to Sender’ written on them. Frankie expresses the pain of rejection through his facial expressions. Lighting was used in the film to portray this. Dim lighting was used whenever Frankie appears. His face was made barely visible with many shadows, one side being darker than the other. This technique of the different shades on the character’s face symbolized the two sides of Frankie’s life. The darker side symbolizes the terrible past of his life while the brighter side symbolizes the bright future Frankie will share with Maggie. Dim lighting on the returned letters is also used to express the sad mood in the scene. The letters are on the ground forcing Frankie to bend down to pick them up, which symbolizes his daughter’s rejection and his distant relationship with he r. When Frankie says to Maggie â€Å" I made many mistakes in my life. I just want to prevent you from doing the same† it demonstrates his regret. This shows the relationship progress between Frankie and Maggie. He wanted to redeem himself by finding a ‘replacement’ daughter-Maggie. In â€Å"Million Dollar Baby†, Frankie’s life changed because of Maggie’s entrance. They each had personal needs due to the lack of familial love so personal fulfillments developed to satisfy each other. Both Frankie and Maggie have a lack of familial love therefore, as they meet, a non-biologically related love and support develops. Two examples of dialogue stand out in particular showing the development in their relationship. Maggie said: â€Å" You’re gonna leave me again?† ,Frankie replied, â€Å" Never† and when Maggie expressed â€Å" I’ve got nobody but you, Frankie.† Frankie answered with a definite answer of â€Å"Then youà ¢â‚¬â„¢ve got me.† Eastwood used both dialogues to express the same idea of that strong bond between Frankie and Maggie that has developed throughout the film. Frankie is the only one who helped and supported Maggie through her victory as he saw her as his own and wanted to make her the best by training her harshly which can be seen as another type of love. Maggie sees boxing as one important part of her life and does not want to give up. Finally won by her determination, Frankie accepts Maggie by making an agreement between them. Frankie then slowly shapes her into a viable fighter. The other technique used to show her success was lighting. The lighting used at the beginning of the film was dim and dark indicating the dark sides of Maggie’s life. When she succeeded, it changed into a very bright background. The brand, Everlast, on the speed bag was used subtly to show Maggie’s determination. She used this support to work hard to change her life and be successful for once in her life. It all paid off when she was standing inside of the boxing ring. Without Frankie’s support, she might have never dreamed of that day. The theme of familial love and support plays a significant role in the film â€Å"Million Dollar Baby†. It is shown through Frankie and Maggie’s development of familial love due to their dysfunctional family. Familial love and support was also conveyed by the secondary characters supporting the protagonists as they express care and support to each other. Familial loves is shown as a complex idea in the film as biological love fails and another form of family is reconstituted. The audiences also learn that love is a powerful force that can transform families and provides fulfillment in the lives of people and to be successful in life, you have to have love.

The characteristics of organizational knowledge

The characteristics of organizational knowledge Introduction In the study of management, business and organizational studies, many authors and scholars concur that there is a strong connection between effective management of the intellectual assets of an organization and continuous progress in performance.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on The characteristics of organizational knowledge specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is to say that knowledge management has become an essential requirement for management of organizations, which guarantees successful performance. Above all these important components, it has been agreed that knowledge itself is vital and incomparable. As a result, business organizations can derive value from the type and location of their knowledge resources by investing in creative knowledge management techniques. In its broadness, knowledge can be described as the driving force behind societal, personal and organizational behavior (Campos S anchez 2003). Notably, there are two knowledge-related aspects, which are essential for the feasibility and excellent performance of any business organization. The first aspect concerns knowledge assets, which is also known as intellectual assets. This generally refers to priceless knowledge that is readily available for use by individuals or by the entire organizations. For the success of any organization, nurturing and use of knowledge is important for all the parties involved (Cohen Levinthal 1990). The second aspect entails knowledge-related processes. These processes are commonly found in organizations and may have a wide range of applications including but not limited to transforming, creating, safeguarding, compiling, pooling, building, organizing and applying knowledge. For better results, it is important for these areas to be properly and explicitly managed, with regard to all sectors that could be affected. In the understanding of this concept, it is imperative to undersc ore the need for effective knowledge management in order to achieve individual and organizational objectives (Cohen Levinthal 1990). In this line of thought, management of knowledge in organizations must be internalized from three stances as discussed below:Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Business perspective From this point of view, the management is usually tasked to focus on where, why and to what degree an organization is supposed to invest and exploit knowledge in the running of its services. In general, knowledge augments development of services, strategies, products, acquisitions and alliances (Coombs Hull 1998). A good example of this is corporate strategy, which only thrives depending on how knowledge is managed within an organization. Additionally, planning and designing of new products and services principally depends on knowledge. It is also vital to note that knowledge management is needed to give direction to an organization to create, install and exploit knowledge assets and if possible establish joint collaborations with an aim of exploiting knowledge. Management perspective In this perspective, knowledge-related activities are usually given preference through determination, monitoring and directing of relevant processes in order to attain desired business goals and objectives. Moreover, every organization requires knowledge to develop knowledge, regarding the creation, transfer, acquisition, usage and retention of knowledge (Coombs Hull 1998). As a result, it is doubtless that management of knowledge is necessary to examine processes and adopt policies and ideas, which are indispensable during the identification of knowledge-related activities. Operational perspective Unlike the above discussed stances, this perspective requires the management to be committed to employing the services of expertise to perform clear know ledge-related work and responsibilities. Furthermore, one requires knowledge in order to carry out a research to establish knowledge status, as a way of discovering the available knowledge that is necessary in future development of human resources. Importantly, knowledge management is essential for the purpose of better training, establishment of a pool of knowledge and systems and better research and development. From this discussion of the three perspectives, it is worth noting that management of knowledge requires relevant attention and analysis from people with reputable skills like researchers and business management experts (Coombs Hull 1998).Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on The characteristics of organizational knowledge specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the study of knowledge management, Ryle’s work of 1949 is considered to be the first piece of literature to be published, covering the concept o f knowledge. In The Concept of Mind, Ryle brought to the attention of the world the concepts of know-that and know-how, which is sometimes referred to as know-what (Ryle 1949, p. 2). On the other hand, it was concluded that knowledge can broadly be divided into tacit and explicit knowledge (Polanyi 1966, p. 5). These two types of knowledge will be discussed in later segments of this paper. In his 1987 research, Von Hippel described information trading as the readiness of employees to fit in varying organizations, including their direct competitors for the purpose of informal exchange of information (Von 1987). He further defined knowledge transfer as the process which a member of a given network is influenced by what happens in the life of another member. These explanations are based on the fact that most employees exchange information through a process, to allow the formation of new knowledge about current products as well as new ones to be created in future (Ryle 1949, p. 2). Desp ite the efforts made by these authors, it is imperative to note that their work received almost no attention from organizational management until early 1990s. Nevertheless, many Multi National Enterprises were forced to downsize and retrench some employees towards the end of 1980s, an incident, which was mainly fuelled by sluggish business activities. Among other factors, the world witnessed major stock market stock market crashes, which forced most organizations to revaluate their strategies to mitigate the impact of these effects (Polanyi 1966, p. 5). As a result, there was the birth of two major business and management aspects, which were process re-engineering and knowledge management concept. In 1990, Nonaka gave a detailed explanation on the two types of knowledge, namely, tacit and explicit knowledge. From his approach, explicit knowledge can be obtained through gathering of information that is collected from customer files, manuals, databases, and software.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This type is also referred as structural capital (Nonaka 1990, p. 15). On the other hand, tacit knowledge may exist in the minds of suppliers, employees and customers, and it is commonly referred to as human capital. When the two types of knowledge are combined, they result into an intellectual capital of the organization. Based on previous history, it is noteworthy that interest in the topic of knowledge management has exponentially been realized, with several learning and research institutions identifying it as a major discipline (Nonaka 1990, p. 15). The rise of Knowledge Management As indicated in the previous segment of this paper, a host of people have developed interest in the concept of knowledge management for several years. However, this interest attained its peak in 1990s, when massive research was being done by scholars and researchers. Throughout this period, these authors have attained a consensus with regard to the impact of knowledge management in organizational perf ormance. It is regarded as a major tool that is effective in attaining a competitive advantage within the business industry, together with a myriad of other advantages. Additionally, exchange and sharing of knowledge has been applauded especially to increase its relevance to the functioning of a given organization (Bohn 1994). As one of the writers who have contributed to the expansion of this field, Nonaka proposed that a high level of attention is usually required when handling knowledge processes and the procedure of creating new knowledge (Nonaka 1991). Additionally, knowledge may change meaning especially when it is moved to a different context. As a result, a match between the recipient’s point of view and the nature of the received is quite significant. It is equally important to emphasize that creation of knowledge is always a continuous process, which mainly starts at an individual’s level, before expanding to other sections, division and even beyond the confi nes of an organization (Bohn 1994). In analysing the impact of some of the findings recorded by various authors, it suffices to mention that some of the information left gaps like how to identify existing type of knowledge mismatches or finding the sources for the mismatches. Important findings were also made by and Nonaka and Takeuchi in 1995, when they affirmed that explicit knowledge can easily be articulated and disseminated in a wide range of formats, while tacit information is generally hidden and unspoken (Nonaka Takeuchi 1995, p. 10). Furthermore, Nonaka and Takeuchi argued that knowledge conversion has four modes, which are: internationalism, socialism, internationalism and a combination of the three modes. As a result, it is prudent for an organization to prepare for one of the above mentioned modes when settling on a particular knowledge management program that is deemed more feasible than others (Bohn 1994). Conversion modes The SECI (Socialization, Externalization, Com bination, and Internalization) theory recognizes the fact that knowledge has four modes of conversion, which are important since they are believed to be the sources of knowledge. The four conversations are summarized below: The first mode as described by the theory is that it converts tacit knowledge from tacit knowledge and is commonly referred to as socialization. The only recognized way of achieving this is through individual sharing of knowledge with other individuals based on their experiences in the field. The second mode is viewed as a combination since it converts explicit knowledge to explicit knowledge. Unlike in the first mode, knowledge is generated through sorting and re-categorizing of the available knowledge from the sources. On the other hand, externalization revolves around converting tacit knowledge to explicit organizational information (Nonaka 1991). According to this mode, the knowledge of an individual can be converted into a form that can be well understood by other people in the same group. It is therefore applied with an aim of creating new knowledge that would be relevant to the organization, in making it more competitive. The last mode is internationalism, which converts explicit knowledge to tacit information. This mode allows one to understand knowledge that is directly linked to an individual in an organization. Importantly, this stage allows practical application of knowledge in generating new and better organization’s routines. Another research, which is well recognized in the study of the concept of knowledge management, was done by Coombs and Hull in 1998, who argued that the field can be divided into three segments. The first one is knowledge processing. It is believed that this category of knowledge management mainly revolves around transfer, capture, utilization, codification, identification and format among others (Coombs Hull 1998). The second one is knowledge domains, which principally deals with classification o f knowledge. For example, several areas of knowledge acquisition present different factors. These areas are technical knowledge, process knowledge, product knowledge, external and internal knowledge, and process knowledge. Lastly, knowledge formality is literally concerned with the general format of knowledge. For example, formal knowledge presents a different format from informal knowledge (Coombs Hull 1998). In addition, knowledge management plays a significant role in determining the quality of services and products given by a given organization. For instance, these management processes are viewed as ways through which addition of value to inputs, which is later used in the production of processed-knowledge. This approach significantly adds value to clients. Nevertheless, specific requirements for this vary widely across industries. Four primary processes have been put forth, which are important when handling resources of knowledge. These include utilization of knowledge, value addition to information, knowledge generation and knowledge capturing. Similarly, organizations are usually encouraged to adopt additional processes for sorting and accessing knowledge to allow the four requirements above to function effectively. For instance, other people should be given a chance to identify the relevance of particular knowledge even if it is coded. Moreover, information can only be converted into knowledge when it is relevant, understandable and usable. This double emphasizes the need for assessing and evaluating any kind knowledge before it can be used. For performance strategies to work, it is important for an organization to have the right knowledge that is required. In this context, poor or defective knowledge may undermine the viability of organizational strategies. In this essence, there exists a relationship between availability of poor knowledge and the unachievable strategies. It is therefore the role of the management to create a match between intended s trategies and the realized strategies. This mismatch of knowledge is known as a knowledge gap while strategic gaps define differences between the realized strategy and the intended strategy. In this understanding, mapping techniques are commonly applied in establishing what organization can do while backward mapping identifies important aspects that have to be known to the organization (Soliman 1998). Similarly, in cases where complex knowledge management systems exist, it has been mentioned that this may enhance realization of intensive knowledge network. Importantly, a combination of knowledge loops and spirals has the potential of leading an organization into knowledge gaps. This stage is usually followed by the occurrence of strategic gaps, which may result into poor organizational performance. Attributes and characteristics of Knowledge Every enterprise is always challenged to perform better than existing competitors in the market. In achieving this competitive advantage, some management experts argue that knowledge is a major tool required for the task. This is mainly because organizations, which are able to define their knowledge management activities, get opportunities to make potential improvement, which yields competitive advantage within the business market. Similarly, correct knowledge should be able to identify areas of weakness within the organization, which could hinder the firm from attaining competitive advantage over other organizations. As discussed in the previous segments of this paper, it is doubtless that knowledge gaps could be one of the factors hampering competitive advantage in most organizations. Based on the irreplaceable role played by knowledge management, it is essential for an organization to identify and segment knowledge for the purpose of determining the usefulness of every knowledge segment. Knowledge-based systems need to have the following seven characteristics. They must have reasoning and programming capabilities Have e nough knowledge regarding a given domain or situation Must have an inference engine, different from the knowledge base Can handle varying data, say, uncertain conflicting and unknown Must allow easy medication by the administrator Have a source that explains the reasoning process Must extensively use â€Å"if-then rules† Notably, many organizations are usually faced with the challenge of disseminating knowledge to where it is needed by people. Consequently, available knowledge may require sorting and screening to ensure that only relevant information is delivered (Soliman 1998). What are some of the attributes of knowledge that have to be considered when disseminating information to where it is needed? Accuracy Although it is not easy to determine the accuracy of knowledge, experts agree that one is able to measure knowledge against envisaged knowledge. The degree of closeness of the two aspects may therefore determine the confidence of people in the knowledge applied and the ultimate value of the knowledge. Nevertheless, reproducibility and repeatability of knowledge may be tied on other factors. In its application and definition, accuracy may refer to correctness, reliability or truthfulness. Timeliness and currency According to knowledge management experts, the main aim of timeliness is for one to avoid making decisions, that are out of date and which may harm the progress of an organization. In this respect, it suffices to mention that valid knowledge must be current. In other words, one is able to find out when the knowledge was obtained, revised and whether it is current or out of date. Relevance of knowledge In the application of any information, there is usually a lot of weight attached to relevance and organizational impact. In this context, the relevance of knowledge could therefore be determined based on a range of factors including functionality, flexibility, importance, reliability, portability, functionality and importance. With regard to the impact of the knowledge, this is principally determined by the value of the working environment and the overall performance (Davenport Short 1990). The benefits of knowledge relevance could be determined by the relationship of the knowledge to the topic, target users of the knowledge, and the level of the knowledge. Authority This deals with the origin of the knowledge in order to determine its authenticity and reality. The source of any information can be determined by finding out the author, publisher and sponsor. Additionally, the author’s credentials are important and his or her affiliate organization in handling knowledge. Purpose It is vital to establish the need for a given type of knowledge. This is usually considered to be critical in establishing the integrity of a particular type of knowledge. The intended purpose of information can therefore be determined by establishing the intensions of the authors, impartiality or objectivity of the information and the kin d of biases present. Importance This entails a wide range of issues, including the ability to control the characteristics of knowledge within the organization, its focus and its timing. However, important knowledge has to meet the needs of a given organization, by responding to a real world problem in a manner that allows the realization of a solution. Accessibility This simply denotes the understandability of knowledge. Knowledge may lose meaning especially in cases where it is considered to be difficult to comprehend. Additionally, this encompasses the readability and its focus towards realizing the objectives of the organization. Applicability This involves the completeness of knowledge and its ability to provide direction to the organization. Inapplicability of knowledge may cause it to become irrelevant. This concept also covers the completeness of the knowledge and availability of recommendations for sober actions to be taken. This may hinder its application even when it is pe rceived to relevant (Davenport Short 1990). Suitability This is mainly concerned with how the knowledge being sourced is important and suitable to the organization in meeting the needs of the organization. Many knowledge management experts believe that there is a connection between the applicability of knowledge and its suitability to satisfy the needs of an organization (Soliman 1998). Knowledge that is important and suitable to an organization can be enhanced in future to make it more satisfying in meeting its intended purpose. As mentioned above, the aim of having proper information about knowledge management is to develop effective operations, establish control mechanisms, compare results, gauge performance and take remedial action if deemed necessary (Soliman 1998). In this regard, it can be deduced that the above characteristics of knowledge have an array of advantages, which can be realized by an organization through effective knowledge management. This is to say that organi zations are tasked to enhance their efficacy through excellent knowledge management practices, with the absence of non-value-adding task (Soliman 1998). Conclusion From the above analysis, it is evident that knowledge management is widely recognized as a priceless tool in organizational management. If well implemented, proper knowledge management programs have the potential of influencing the performance of an organization positively (Campos Sanchez 2003). As a result, it is highly regarded as a competitive advantage tool in the business world. On this basis, there is every need for organizations to review and evaluate their knowledge management tools in order to have them inclined towards attaining set goals and objectives. Good strategies should therefore be implemented, with reference to the current knowledge that addresses the needs of the organization. Importantly, the ability of any organization to thrive to today’s business environment is solely determined by the way knowledge and skills are coherently applied in the running of the organization. In implementing this, the management has the responsibility of assessing knowledge and determining its feasibility in achieving the goals of the organization. Lack of such skills is crucial and may undermine the success of any organization. References Bohn, R 1994, ‘Measuring and Managing Technological Knowledge’, Sloan Management Review, pp. 61–73. Campos, E Sanchez, M 2003, ‘Knowledge management in the emerging strategic business process: Information, complexity and imagination’, Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 7 no. 2, pp. 5-17. Cohen, W Levinthal, D 1990, ‘Absorptive Capacity: a New Perspective on Learning and Innovation’, Administration Science Quarterly, vol. 35, pp. 128-152. Coombs, R Hull, R 1998, ‘Knowledge Management Practices and Path-dependency in Innovation’, Research Policy, vol. 27 no. 3, pp. 237-253. Davenport, T Short, J 1990, ‘The new Industrial Engineering: Information Technology and Business Process Redesign’, Sloan Management Review, pp. 11–27. Nonaka, I Takeuchi, H 1995, The Knowledge-Creating Company, Oxford University Press, New York. Nonaka, I 1990, A Theory of Organisational Knowledge Creation, Nihon KeizaiShimbun, Tokyo. Nonaka, I1991, ‘The knowledge creating company’, Harvard Business Review, vol. 69 no. 6, pp. 96–104. Polanyi, M 1966, The Tacit Dimension, Routledge, London: Ryle, G 1949, The Concept of Mind, Hutchinson, London, U. K. Soliman, F 1998, ‘Optimum Level of Process Mapping and Least Cost Business Process Re-Engineering’, International Journal of Operations and Production Management, vol. 18 no. 5, pp. 810-816. Von, H 1987, ‘Cooperation between Rivals: Informal Know-How Trading’, Research Policy, vol. 16, pp. 291-302.

Stuart Davis, American Modernist Painter

Stuart Davis, American Modernist Painter Stuart Davis (1892-1964) was a prominent American modernist painter. He began working in the realist Ashcan School style, but exposure to European modernist painters in the Armory Show led to a distinctive personal modernist style that influenced the later development of pop art. Fast Facts: Stuart Davis Occupation: PainterMovement: Abstract art, modernism, cubismBorn: December 7, 1892 in Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaDied: June 24, 1964 in New York, New YorkParents: Helen Stuart Foulke and Edward Wyatt DavisSpouses: Bessie Chosak (died 1932), Roselle SpringerChild: George Earle DavisSelected Works: Lucky Strike (1921), Swing Landscape (1938), Deuce (1954)Notable Quote: I dont want people to copy Matisse or Picasso, although it is entirely proper to admit their influence. I dont make paintings like theirs. I make paintings like mine. Early Life and Education The son of sculptor Helen Stuart Foulke and newspaper art editor Edward Wyatt Davis, Stuart Davis grew up surrounded by visual art. He developed a serious interest in drawing by age sixteen and started illustrating adventure stories for his younger brother, Wyatt. Davis family moved from his childhood home in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to New Jersey, where he got to know a group of his fathers artist colleagues known as the Eight. This group included Robert Henri, George Luks, and Everett Shinn. Bar House, Newark (1913). Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain Stuart Davis began his formal art training as a student of Robert Henri, who became the leader of the Ashcan School, an American art movement known for focusing on painting scenes of daily life in New York City. They took much of their inspiration from Walt Whitmans poetry in Leaves of Grass. The Armory Show In 1913, Davis was one of the youngest artists featured in the groundbreaking Armory Show, the first extensive exhibition of modern art in the U.S. First showing at New Yorks 69th Regiment Armory, the exhibition then traveled to the Art Institute of Chicago and Copley Society of Art in Boston. The Mellow Pad (1951). Brooklyn Museum / Wikimedia Commons While Stuart Davis exhibited realist paintings in the Ashcan style, he studied the works of European modernist artists included in the exhibition, from Henri Matisse to Pablo Picasso. After the Armory Show, Davis became a dedicated modernist. He took cues from the cubist movement in Europe to move toward a more abstract style of painting. Colorful Abstraction Stuart Davis mature style of painting began to develop in the 1920s. He became friends with other influential American artists including Charles Demuth and Arshile Gorky as well as poet William Carlos Williams. His work began with realistic elements but he then abstracted them with bright colors and geometrical edges. Davis also painted in series, making his work parallel to musical variations on a theme. Swing Landscape (1938). Robert Alexander / Getty Images In the 1930s, Davis painted murals for the Federal Art Project, a program of the Works Progress Administration. One of those, the monumental painting Swing Landscape shows the style of Stuart Davis in full flower. He began with a depiction of the waterfront of Gloucester, Massachusetts, and then added the energy of the jazz and swing music he loved. The result is a highly personal explosion of color and geometrical forms. By the 1950s, Davis work evolved to a focus on lines and a style influenced by drawing. The painting Deuce is an example of the shift. Gone was the cacophony of bright colors. In its place was a lively set of vibrant lines and shapes still echoing lessons learned from the European cubism of the early 20th century. Later Career After he established himself as a vital member of the New York avant-garde painting scene of the mid-20th century, Stuart Davis began teaching. He worked at the Art Students League, the New School for Social Search, and then Yale University. As an instructor, Davis directly influenced a new generation of American artists. Nightlife (1962). Wikimedia Commons / Creative Commons 2.0 Although his late-career work continued to incorporate abstract elements, Stuart Davis never moved completely away from referencing real life. He rejected the abstract expressionism that dominated the American art world of the 1950s. In the early 1960s, Davis health quickly declined until he suffered a stroke in 1964 and passed away. His death came just as art critics saw the influence of his work in a new movement, pop art. Legacy Deuce (1954). Andreas Solaro / Getty Images One of Stuart Davis most lasting contributions was his ability to take lessons learned from European movements in painting and create a distinctly American twist on the ideas. His bold, graphical paintings contain echoes of the work of Fauvists like Henri Matisse and the cubist experiments of Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso. However, the end product finds inspiration in American life and architecture, a factor that makes Davis work unique. Pop artists Andy Warhol and David Hockney celebrated Stuart Davis blending of content from commercial advertisements with the shapes of everyday objects that he first depicted in the 1920s. Today, many art historians consider Davis work to be proto-pop art. Source Haskell, Barbara. Stuart Davis: In Full Swing. Prestel, 2016.

Shakespeare's Globe Theater Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Shakespeare's Globe Theater - Essay Example It was located in the outskirts of London (Notini 1001); made from oak was one of England’s most magnificent structures with a sitting capacity of around 3000 and designed as an open air three story amphitheater. Despite the glaring class divisions in the Elizabethan times, which were evident even in most of the plays, the theatre provided a forum in which both the rich and poor could enjoy entertainment together. The upper classes occupied the upper levels which were relatively comfortable while the poor also known in the theater context as ‘groundling’ occupied an area called the pit for the price of a penny although they had to stand. The theatre’s dramatic symbolism was enhanced by the fact that signs and flags were normally used when advertising performances that the audience expected to see (Weimann 402). A tragedy like Othello would be symbolized by a black flag, comedies like taming of the shrew a white one and historical plays such as Julius Ceaser would be advertised with a red flag. Embossed on the entrance were the Latin inscriptions â€Å"Totus mundus agit histrionem†, meaning the whole world is a playhouse. The theater’s historical significance is underpinned by its close resemblance to the Greco roman structures where citizens met to enjoy games and plays. It acts as a bridge to the classical and renaissance periods where theater was finally given the recognition it deserved and to a significant extent, the globe theatre is the reason for success and relevance of broadways and even Hollywood albeit indirectly. Here, famous plays were tried and tested and different staging techniqu es experimented with, the individuality of actors was also approached with exceptional ones being recognized and this gradually led up to the concept of stardom where actors are highly revered although in those days they were often considered immoral. During

Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Security - Essay Example These systems also force consumers to tackle new rights and responsibilities in order to use the data and re-evaluate principles of advent computers (Stahl 2011). 2 The Importance of Ethics in Information Systems Authority, source and control are the major resources of the information. In fact, the key to success is the right access towards the information. As a result, the social and political relationships are also involved in the development and growth of information systems (Hilton, Se-Hyung "David" Oh et al. 2006). It is more important and ethical that how this information is been utilized by the people. For instance, government levels, headquarters and homes include the electronic systems (Hilton, Se-Hyung "David" Oh et al. 2006). This involvement is increased so much that the people without access to these systems are exaggerated in a particular way. For this reason, new and modern techniques, innovative ethical and lawful decisions are needed in order to balance the requireme nts and privileges of every person (Stahl 2011). 3 Ethics Fill the Gap as Legal Decisions Lag Behind Technology The legal decision lags lies as in modern technological field behind technical development and growth. These gaps are filled through confronting on the issue and by discussing the facts on how to use the electronic information should be proceed (Baase 2008). ... These include standards of acceptable behavior and rules governing members of an occupation. Moreover, these extend to the Electronic Networks, Electronic Databases and significantly to a Geographic Information Systems. The problems that are present particularly in the three areas require a little different type of ethical decisions. In general, the Electronic Systems, Geographic Information Systems and Networks are being described individually in the later section of this study. 4.1 Electronic Networks 4.1.1 A Network Defined Starting from a fundamental definition of computer networks, a network is defined as a set of computers or workstations that are capable to communicate with one another. Likewise, in other words a group of similar objects connected together. Some of the networks are present within the institutions or organizations allowing people to communicate electronically within the organization. In fact, some of these small systems are inked or connected with the other org anization’s workstations. Thus, thousands of such networks connecting together collectively form an Internet. However, several issues related to the Internet may be applied to smaller network as, well as large network connections. 4.1.2 Network as Source of Power Initially, the Electronic Networks are recognized as a reliable means of connecting and communicating. Furthermore, it is also recognized as a mean for exchanging information efficiently but today it has become a much more than this. The new sources of power are represented by the large networks. The networks are now prepared in order to generate consistency and competency in communication, so that the movement of information could not rely on another person or could not be

Knight Guys Finish Last Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Knight Guys Finish Last - Essay Example The fourth wall consisted of thick, iron bars. Beyond was a hallway leading to a dark staircase. This contained the weak light source; a torch in an iron sconce, high on the wall. People panic due to shock and Tess began to feel a little hysterical herself, as she paced the cell, trying to make sense of the situation. She turned to find Daniel, opening his arms to console her, and she lost control. It was hours until they were discovered by a man wearing a chain tunic, old dented armour, and a rusty short-sword at his waist and he hurried up the stairs upon spotting them, returning soon after with another man, who possessed the haughty mannerisms of the high-born. "I am Count William the Third," he paused as if expecting applause. Receiving none, he continued, "Deegan here was most distressed to find a group of persons, occupying a cell in my dungeon which was empty. Obviously, the mystery is how they came to be here. Deegan believes that you are a group of sorcerers, though I must disagree. Why would a sorcerer transport himself into a dungeon I think you must have displeased a sorcerer, who transported you into my dungeon, expecting me to dispense justice, which I will do unless one of you can defeat my champion in the tourney on the morrow." And with that, he walked away. The next morning found Tess and her friends clamped in chains and escorted to a large ... Receiving none, he continued, "Deegan here was most distressed to find a group of persons, occupying a cell in my dungeon which was empty. Obviously, the mystery is how they came to be here. Deegan believes that you are a group of sorcerers, though I must disagree. Why would a sorcerer transport himself into a dungeon I think you must have displeased a sorcerer, who transported you into my dungeon, expecting me to dispense justice, which I will do unless one of you can defeat my champion in the tourney on the morrow." And with that, he walked away. The next morning found Tess and her friends clamped in chains and escorted to a large stadium. After the jousting, sword fighting, and jesters, Count William stood up from amongst his many attendants. He called for one of the prisoners to face his champion in a battle of blades. "I volunteer," said Daniel. The guards went forward and after unchaining Daniel, he led him past the group stopping in front of Tess. "I've never been brave enough to tell you this," he began softly, "but I suppose certain death makes heroes of us all. Ever since the first time I met you, I've been hopelessly in love with you." Then he continued on his way. Tess tried to call out to him, but the words caught in her throat as they led him into the centre of the stadium, handed him a sword and shield, and left him alone. The crowd roared as a dark figure stepped from the opposite entrance. Everything about him was menacing; the way he walked spoke of sinister grace. He approached Daniel as a lion stalking a doe. Wasting no time, the champion crouched and drove his blade towards Daniel's throat. It never found its destination as Daniel moved impossibly fast, spinning on the ball of his foot and heaving the other foot into the champion's ribs. With a